born on 3 June 1937 in Windlesham, England, is a Fellow of the British Academy and Research Professor in History at the Centre for German-Jewish Studies, University of Sussex. His work as founder of the Centre was recognized when he was made an officer of the Order of the British Empire in 2005. He has published widely on German and Austrian cultural history, and in 2002 he was awarded the Austrian State Prize for History of the Social Sciences. He is best known for his book Karl Kraus – Apocalyptic Satirist, published in two volumes as Culture and Catastrophe in Habsburg Vienna (1986) and The Post-War Crisis and the Rise of the Swastika (2005). Further publications include the co-edited volumes Freud in Exile: Psychoanalysis and its Vicissitudes (1988); Austrian Exodus: The Creative Achievements of Refugees from National Socialism (1995); Writing after Hitler: The Work of Jakov Lind (2001); and Nationalist Myths and Modern Media: Contested Identities in the Age of Globalization (2006). A study of Pictorial Narrative in the Nazi Period: Felix Nussbaum, Charlotte Salomon and Arnold Daghani, co-authored with Deborah Schultz, is forthcoming in the journal Word & Image in July 2008.